The Schipperke is a small companion dog from the European country of Belgium.  Traditionally it has been believed that the name Schipperke means “little captain” in many countries, but in Belgium they believe it was derived from the Flemish word “Shapocke” or “Scheperke”, which actually means “little shepherd”.



Schipperkes are small dogs that carry many of the spitz-type traits, such as a longer, double coat and pointed ears.  Despite these common traits they are sometimes born without tails, and in those countries that allow it the tail is docked.  Where docking is banned their tails naturally curve over the back as with most spitz breeds.  They stand between10-13 inches and weigh between 7-18 pounds.  In the United States the only acceptable color is solid black, but in other countries Schipperkes can be found in other shades of tan and fawn.


The history of the Schipperke is murky, but it seems to have derived from a now-extinct black sheepdog commonly called the Leauvenaar, an ancestor it shares with the Groenendael, and perhaps has existed since the 17th century.  Renowned as a catcher of rodents, it caught the attention of Queen Marie-Henriette of Belgium, who helped the breed become known outside of Brussels.  Overtime, the breed became widely known as “Belgian Barge Dogs”, it was reported that they were found working barges in the canals of Belgium.  The truth of this statement has been questioned repeatedly, but to this day Schipperkes are known as excellent boat dogs, cruising the waters on yachts and powerboats.


The Schipperke is a big dog in a little package, and has strong herding, hunting, and watching instincts.  Although wary of strangers they are devoted and loyal to their family, bonding strongly to its master.  Always alert, they make an excellent guard dog, and will do all within its power to defend its territory, no matter how large or small against any intruders, human or canine.  They can be willful, but are fairly easy to train, as they are highly intelligent and eager to please.  Schipperkes generally get along well with children, and other household pets, including cats.


Schipperkes on average have few health problems, and an average lifespan is between 12-13 years, although reaching 15 plus is not uncommon.  Some dogs have been known to suffer from hypothyroid, epilepsy, hip dysplasia, and sometimes hip sockets which slip.  Other diseases include Legg Calves Perthes, Progressive Retinal Atrophy, cataracts, and a recently discovered disease called MPS 111B.

Schipperkes are active and need lots of exercise.  They are active both indoor and out, and even with a fenced yard it is recommended that they are taken on daily walks.

Although a clean breed a Schipperke needs to be brushed regularly.  They shed little, but can blow their coat up to three times each year, this amount seems to lessen as they age.