The Pomeranian is a breed of dog that originated in Germany.  In their homeland they are recognized as the smallest of the five size varieties of the German Spitz, the Zwergspitz or Toy.  Some Kennel Clubs view the Pomeranian as its own separate breed, having been developed separately then its German counterpart.



Pomeranians are small, spitz dogs that have a fox-like face.  They stand between 8-11 inches and weigh only 3-7 pounds.  Their double coat is long, harsh, and straight, while thicker around the neck and shoulders.  Pomeranians appear in all colors, including cream, white, red, orange, blue, gray, brown, and black, as well as parti-colored.


The breed was heavily developed in Pomerania, which is present day Germany and Poland.  They were bred down from the larger German Spitz varieties and were originally larger than present day.  In 1888 Queen Victoria was sent a dog named Marco from Florence, Italy, which became her beloved companion.  This helped spark the popularity of the Pomeranian. The Queen kept her own kennels, helped the breed become established in the United Kingdom and was an advocate for smaller dogs we see today.


Pomeranians are intelligent, lively dogs that are eager to learn and fairly easy to train.  They are loyal, yet independent, and make good watchdogs.  Most get along well with other dogs and household pets.  Because of their small size they are not recommended with children, and can be snappish around strangers.  Pomeranians make good companions in an older household.


Most Pomeranians live to be older than 15 years.  Genetic disorders include luxating patella, skin allergies, patent ductus arteriosus, and collapsing trachea.  They have small, delicate bodies, and most females have trouble giving birth.  Pomeranians are prone to early tooth loss.

Pomeranians do well living in an apartment, they are active indoors and can do without a yard.  Like all dogs, they require a daily walk; however play takes up a lot of their energy.  Care should be taken in warmer climates, as Pomeranians can overheat.

The coat of the Pomeranian shed constantly and requires a lot of grooming.  It must be brushed out thoroughly and frequently.  They shed their coat once or twice yearly.