The Miniature Schnauzer is one of three Schnauzer breeds that originated in Germany, the other two being the Standard and Giant. In their homeland they are known as the Zwergschnauzer, or Dwarf Schnauzer.

Miniature Schnauzers are small dogs with a wiry and harsh coat that is longer around the face, giving them the appearance of having bushy eyebrows, whiskers, and a beard. Colors include salt and pepper grey, black, black and silver; and in some kennel clubs solid white is also accepted. They stand between 12-14 inches and weigh in at 13-15 pounds. Their tails are traditionally docked, where it is still allowed, and the ears of a Miniature Schnauzer may or may not be cropped.

In the late 1800s Miniature Schnauzers were first bred as ratters in rural Germany. They were developed by taking the Standard Schnauzer and crossing it with smaller breeds such as the Affenpinscher and Miniature Pinscher. Some sources state that the Poodle was also used, but this seems unlikely. The results of these crosses were successful in producing a smaller breed that was almost identical to the larger Schnauzers.

The Miniature Schnauzer is a loyal and affectionate breed. They are easy to train and make excellent watch dogs, as they have a high territorial instinct. Most get along well with children and other dogs, although some individuals can be dog aggressive if not socialized at a young age. Often they will want to show superiority without intending to fight, and they will not hesitate to challenge a larger dog. Miniature Schnauzers are not recommended around non-canine pets (most can be trained to accept cats if around them since puppyhood) as they have a fairly high prey drive.

Often a healthy breed the life expectancy of a Miniature Schnauzer is around 14 years. They are prone to kidney stones, liver disease, diabetes, cysts, and some have eye problems. Care should be taken when feeding as they can gain weight easily.

Miniature Schnauzers are suited for apartment life. They are active indoors and out, and like all dogs require a daily walk.

The coat of a Miniature Schnauzer requires daily brushing and regular trips to a groomer.