The Continental Toy Spaniels are a breed of dog that was developed in continental Europe. They are more commonly known as the Papillon and Phalene. Generally it is accepted that they are the same breed, simply different varieties based on the position of their ears.

Continental Toy Spaniels are a small breed, standing only 8-11 inches tall and weighing in at 9-10 pounds. Their fur is long and silky and can be any color except for solid white, and a dog with no white is unacceptable, while their tails are well fringed and carried up over the back. Papillons have erect butterfly-like ears, papillon being the French word for butterfly. The Phalene (French for moth) variety has drop, spaniel-like ears.


An old breed, the Continental Toy Spaniel was originally known as the Epangeul Nain Continental (and still is in non-English countries) or Dwarf Spaniel, and may very well have some spitz in its ancestry. Another early name was Squirrel Spaniel, named likely for the way their tails curl over the back. One of the earliest toy spaniels, they can be traced as far back as the 13th century through works of art. France and Belgium are credited as the countries of origin through the Federation Cynologique Internationale (FCI), but these dogs were also common in England, Spain, and Italy. Legend says that Marie Antoinette was clutching one of these spaniels as she walked to the guillotine, and whether or not it is true, was known to keep dogs of this type. The erect-ear style of the Papillon would not become popular until the 19th century.

Continental Toy Spaniels may look like a dainty breed, but these little dogs are active and highly energetic. Intelligent and athletic, they excel at dog sports such as agility. They bond with their owners and get along well with children. Most Continental Toy Spaniels are easy to train, but some individuals can be difficult to housebreak.

The life expectancy of the Continental Toy Spaniel is 13-15 years and is generally a healthy breed.

Continental Toy Spaniels can adjust well with apartment life. They need daily exercise, and will enjoy the chance to run in a safe area.

The coat of the Continental Toy Spaniel requires daily brushing to keep it in top form and prevent matting.