The Bulldog may be one of the most easily recognized dogs worldwide.  Originally bred in England for the cruel sport of bull baiting, today the Bulldog has become a lovable companion.



While small in stature, the Bulldog is wide and compact with a large head.  They stand at 12-14 inches, but manage to weigh in between 40-50 pounds.  Their coat is short and smooth, with all colors acceptable, but solid black is not preferred.   The muzzle is shortened with jaws that are large and square, the lower jaw projecting in front of the upper.  The tail of the Bulldog is naturally short and carries low. 


The history of the Bulldog begins in the 1600s, originally descending from the Asiatic Mastiff, when dogs were being used for bull and bear baiting.  Dogs were bred specifically for this sport, and the characteristics of the Bulldog quickly became suited for it.  When bull baiting became illegal in 1835 it seemed as if the breed would face extinction.  Fortunately there were many breeders that strived to save the Bulldog, and they began breeding to reduce its aggressive nature.
   
The Bulldog that we know today no longer closely resembles its recent ancestors that would take on a bull with viciousness and no fear.  They have been bred specifically for appearance, and as a result have a great number of medical problems.  Several breeders have tried to recreate the original Old English Bulldog from the 1600s, but as of yet none are recognized.  It is believed by some that the American Bulldog is actually a closer relative to the lost Bulldog of history.


Despite its history, the Bulldog of today is an extremely gentle dog and affectionate dog.  They are extremely loyal and can make a good watchdog.  Generally they get along well with children, other dogs and animals in the household.  Individual Bulldogs can be willful, but most crave human companionship and attention.


Unfortunately the Bulldog is prone to many health issues, breathing problems are extremely prevalent in the breed.  The shape of their jaw and muzzle causes these issues, and most dogs are known to snore.  In the United Kingdom dogs seem to be prone to cysts that form between their toes.  Other problems include cherry eye, allergies, skin infections and hip issues.  They can easily suffer from heat stroke, but are also cold sensitive.  Most females have to give birth via caesarian section because of their large heads.  The lifespan of a Bulldog tends to only be between 7-9 years.
   
The Bulldog will adjust easily to apartment life.  They are inactive indoors, but very much and indoor dog.  They should be taken on daily walks, but the length depends on the individual.  Some Bulldogs would be completely happy staying on the couch, while others are full of energy.

The coat of a Bulldog is easy to clean and needs very little grooming.  The face should be wiped daily with a damp cloth to clean inside the wrinkles.